About binary options xlsx

Excel Spreadsheets for Binary Options. This article introduces binary options and provides several pricing spreadsheets. Binary options give the owner a fixed payout (which does not vary with the price of the underlying instrument) or nothing at all. Most Binary options are European-style these are priced with closed-form equations derived from a Black-Scholes analysis, with the payoff determined at expiry. Cash or Nothing & Asset or Nothing Options. Binary options can either be Cash or Nothing, or Asset or Nothing. A cash or nothing call has a fixed payoff if the stock price is above the strike price at expiry. A cash or nothing put has a fixed payoff if the stock price is below the strike price. If the asset trades above the strike at expiry, the payoff of an asset or or nothing call is equal to the asset price. Conversely, an asset or nothing has a payoff equal to the asset price if the asset trades below the strike price. Two-Asset Cash-or-Nothing Options. These binary options are priced across two assets. They have four variants, based upon the relationship between spot and strike prices. up and up : These only pay if the strike price of both assets is below the spot price of both assets up and down : These only pay if the spot price of one asset is above its strike price, and the spot price of the other asset is below its strike price cash or nothing call : These pay a predetermined amount of the spot price of both assets is above their strike price cash or nothing put : These pay a predetermined amount if the spot price of both assets is below the strike prie.

Supershare options are based on a portfolio of assets with shares issued against their value. Supershares pay a predetermined amount if the underlying asset is priced between an upper and lower value at expiry. The amount is usually a fixed proportion of the portfolio. Supershares were introduced by Hakansson (1976), and are priced with the following equations. A Gap option has a trigger price that determines if the option will payout. The strike price, however, determines the size of the payout. The payout of a Gap option is determined by difference between the asset price and a gap, as long as the asset price is above or below the strike price. The price and payout of a European style Gap option are given by these equations. where X 2 is the strike price and X 1 is the trigger price. Consider an call option with a strike price of 30, and a gap strike of 40. The option can be exercised when the asset price is above 30, but pays nothing until the asset price is above 40. Advantages of. xlsb Excel Binary Workbook Format. A lot of users are unaware of the many benefits and advantages of. xlsb Excel Binary Workbook Format.

Excel Binary Workbook files store information in binary format instead of the XML format like with most other Excel files. Since XLSB files are binary, they can be read from and written to much faster, making them extremely useful for very large spreadsheets. This also implies that with. xlsb files calculations will be faster and workbooks much smaller. .xlsx loads 4 times longer than. xlsb and saves 2 times slower and has 1.5 times a bigger file. Reportedly a user from leading forums Stackoverflow tested this on a generated worksheet with 10� rows * 1� columns = 10�� (10^7) cells of simple chained =…+1 formulas: loading time ║ 165s │ 43s. saving time ║ 115s │ 61s. file size ║ 91 MB │ 65 MB. In addition from a security point of view, since data is in binary format and not in XML,.xlsb files will display unreadable contents if a user tries to change the extension of the file to. zip. Other advantages of. xlsb file format include: – Saving in binary allows formulas to be saved properly if they are longer than the 8192 character limit. – Macros, VBA code is fully supported. Disadvantages and downsides of. xlsb files: – No Ribbon modification allowed for XLSB formats.

You must convert back to XLSM, make your Ribbon changes, and then back to XLSB. – A potential lack of interoperability with OpenOffice. – Not compatible with Excel 2003 and previous versions. – Compatibility in using the data with software that wants XML instead of binary (web server for instance). If you link a lot of systems together, this may cause a problem with one of the layers, as XML was developed specifically for this purpose. Our award-winning security software XLSafe CORE fully supports the. xlsb extension and we highly recommend this for very large and complex files. Our Website. Consulting Services. Recent Blog Posts. Microsoft and the Office logo are registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States andor other countries. About binary options xlsx Get via App Store Read this post in our app! Downsides to Microsoft Excel 2007 XLSB binary format?

closed Excel 20072010 offers an option to save my files in an "Excel Binary Workbook" format that seems to be smaller (50% of the size in some cases) and load more quickly. Is there a downside to this format? Should I be avoiding it for some reason? I'm thinking there has to be some shortcoming to it, or it would be the default save format instead of XLSX, but I can't figure out what the faults might be. XLSX seems to be reasonably common in other products that can import Excel files, but none of them support XLSB - why not? closed as primarily opinion-based by random ♦ Feb 27 '14 at 23:52. Many good questions generate some degree of opinion based on expert experience, but answers to this question will tend to be almost entirely based on opinions, rather than facts, references, or specific expertise. If this question can be reworded to fit the rules in the help center, please edit the question. As stated, xlsb is a binary file type, and saves in binary format. All other xls file types save in open XML format. We're not here to talk about advantages, but disadvantages. The only real disadvantage is going to be compatibility in using the data with software that wants XML instead of binary (web server for instance). If you link a lot of systems together, this may cause a problem with one of the layers, as XML was developed specifically for this purpose. Overall, there are no other disadvantages other than the fact that you might not be able to tell if there are macros in it or not as there is no macro-free version of this format.

You can just change your macro settings to disable with prompt and examine visual basic to determine if there are harmful macros. A compelling list to use xlsb as your default file format. Mac iWork Numbers, Quickview, iOS preview and iOS Numbers do not recognise xlsb files. Saving in binary allows formulas to be saved properly if they are longer than the 8192 character limit. I don't use the xlsb format for two reasons. Because the file has all of the XML plus the binary, the file is larger than the corresponding xlsx or xlsm file. When I was working with a large and complex file, the binary would get corrupted frequently and I would have to restore from a back up copy of the file. Update: I tried the xlsb format when it first came out and had the above problems. Problem 1 doesn't happen with Excel 2010 so maybe problem 2 is fixed also. On the other hand, even if all of the above is fixed, I still won't use xlsb very often because most of my Excel files are actually VBA projects. Tracking a binary in a code repository will bloat the repository pretty quickly. (I use Mercurial for my code repository and, with the zipdoc extension turned on, I can tell it that xlsx AND xlsm files are zipped XML text files instead of binary.

) XLSB vs XLSX. The Pros and Cons of XLSB Files. Working with large Excel files is often a drag. They open slower, they take an eternity to save and they often need to be uploaded to the Cloud to be shared with your coworkers or family. Why not explore the benefits of the XSLB file format then? What is a XLSB file format? Inside an XLSX file This is what is inside an XLSX (or XLSM) file (image on the right). What do you mean inside? – you ask. XLSX and XLSM files are in fact compressed archives with XML files inside . That is because Microsoft has opened the Excel file format and decided to break the insides into XML files. When an XLSX or XLSM file is saved Excel needs to break it down into separate XML files, compress it and finally save it as XLSX or XLSM. The XLSB file format on the other hand is a binary Excel file .

It resembles the old XLS file format which was also a binary file. What happens when Excel wants to save an XSLB file? Not much really. It mostly dumps the binary data into a binary file and saves it as XLSB. XLSB advantages (XLSB vs. XLSX) Smaller file size – the Excel binary file uses noticeably less space. This is more noticeable especially when working with large Excel files. In some cases I heard of there being XLSB files that required 10% of the original file size – this is more visible with VERY large files Openssaves more quickly – loading binary data is faster than parsing text (XML) files – similarly as you would compare opening a book in Spanish and having to translate every sentence to English as opposed to picking up a ready translated copy. Similarly, when saving the file – the binary format is more efficient than dumping the data back into the XML and then compressing it. From my experience XLSB files open and get saved 2x faster Supports formulas above the 8192 character limit . In other file formats they don’t save properly. Yahoo! Well it would seem there is nothing less obvious to do then to start working only on the XLSB file format. However, it’s not a straightforward decision as there are some minor setbacks. Here are some that come to mind… XLSB disadvantages (XLSB vs. XLSX) Compatibility – the XLSB Excel format is not supported by Excel 2003 and earlier versions, which frankly is less of a problem nowadays Security (VBA) – with the distinction between the XLSM and XLSX format you know which files may or not contain VBA macros. With XLSB you won’t know for sure.

So beware when opening XLSB files from unknown sources or from peoplewebsites you don’t trust You can’t make changes to the Excel Ribbon when working on an XLSB. You must temporarily save your file as XLSX or XLSM, makes changes and save back as XLSB. Lack of interoperability with third-party tools . XLSB is a binary file format unlike the open XML XLSX and XLSM files. Hence you often won’t see your XLSB files working everywhere – like in OpenOffice. Other suggestions when working with large Excel files or datasets. I usually start with the quick wins suggestions and leave the more complex for desert. The XLSB file format is a good start and often won’t require that you meddle with the dataformattingcontent of your workbook, rightfully as you shouldn’t have too. However, from time to time there will be those moments when that won’t be enough and you just won’t be able to work any longer with a slow and large Excel file. Here are some useful tips: Reduce the file size by deleting unused cells – as stupid as it sounds this is often the reason for your Excel files mysteriously growing in size over a short period of time.

Here is the solution: Find the last used row in your worksheets. Delete all rows below. Find the last used column in your worksheets. Delete all columns forward. Save the file and close Excel. Reopen the file. Common myths about XLSB. Do XLSB runs formulas faster than XLSX? XLSB file are only loaded and unloaded faster (saved and closed) than XLSX files. Afterwards both formats run in RAM memory with similar performance on the same Excel engine. Hence, you won’t see your Excel formula’s running significantly faster.

However , if you do save your file frequently you will definitely notice that the XLSB file format saves faster. Do XLSB files crash more often? The XLSB file format does not in any way increase the probability of crashing. However, if the file does crash it may be harder to recover. XLSB are binary files, where XLSX and XLSM files are in fact compressed XML files – text files in XML format. Therefore, in a critical situation you have definitely a better chance of reading a text file than a binary file. Then again I wouldn’t worry about this too much. On a daily basis I would recommend sticking to XLSX and XSLM as standard Excel file formats. It is worth reaching out to the XLSB file format whenever you file starts running slow or uses an enormous amount of space. XLSB will actually not benefit small Excel files and you might even see small XLSB files taking more space than small XLSXXSLM files. Your clients coworkers may also have doubts when opening XLSB files as Excel treats these file formats with an extra dose of caution.

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Pure-JS cleanroom implementation from official specifications, related documents, and test files. Emphasis on parsing and writing robustness, cross-format feature compatibility with a unified JS representation, and ES3ES5 browser compatibility back to IE6. This is the community version. We also offer a pro version with performance enhancements, additional features by request, and dedicated support. Installation. In the browser, just add a script tag: unpkg makes the latest version available at: The demos directory includes sample projects for: Platforms and Integrations. The node version automatically requires modules for additional features. Some of these modules are rather large in size and are only needed in special circumstances, so they do not ship with the core. For browser use, they must be included directly: An appropriate version for each dependency is included in the dist directory. The complete single-file version is generated at distxlsx. full. min. js. Webpack and Browserify builds include optional modules by default. Webpack can be configured to remove support with resolve.

alias : ECMAScript 5 Compatibility. Since the library uses functions like Array#forEach , older browsers require shims to provide missing functions. To use the shim, add the shim before the script tag that loads xlsx. js : Prior to SheetJS, APIs for processing spreadsheet files were format-specific. Third-party libraries either supported one format, or they involved a separate set of classes for each supported file type. Even though XLSB was introduced in Excel 2007, nothing outside of SheetJS or Excel supported the format. To promote a format-agnostic view, js-xlsx starts from a pure-JS representation that we call the "Common Spreadsheet Format". Emphasizing a uniform object representation enables new features like format conversion (reading an XLSX template and saving as XLS) and circumvents the "class trap". By abstracting the complexities of the various formats, tools need not worry about the specific file type! A simple object representation combined with careful coding practices enables use cases in older browsers and in alternative environments like ExtendScript and Web Workers. It is always tempting to use the latest and greatest features, but they tend to require the latest versions of browsers, limiting usability. Utility functions capture common use cases like generating JS objects or HTML. Most simple operations should only require a few lines of code. More complex operations generally should be straightforward to implement.

Excel pushes the XLSX format as default starting in Excel 2007. However, there are other formats with more appealing properties. For example, the XLSB format is spiritually similar to XLSX but files often tend up taking less than half the space and open much faster! Even though an XLSX writer is available, other format writers are available so users can take advantage of the unique characteristics of each format. For parsing, the first step is to read the file. This involves acquiring the data and feeding it into the library. Here are a few common scenarios: readFile is only available in server environments. Browsers have no API for reading arbitrary files given a path, so another method must be used. The table_to_book and table_to_sheet utility functions take a DOM TABLE element and iterate through the child nodes. Alternatively, the HTML code can be extracted and parsed: Note: for a more complete example that works in older browsers, check the demo at oss. sheetjs. comjs-xlsxajax. html).

The directory also includes more examples with XMLHttpRequest and fetch . Drag-and-drop uses the HTML5 FileReader API, loading the data with readAsBinaryString or readAsArrayBuffer . Since not all browsers support the full FileReader API, dynamic feature tests are highly recommended. Data from file input elements can be processed using the same FileReader API as in the drag-and-drop example: oss. sheetjs. comjs-xlsx HTML5 File API Base64 Text Web Workers. Note that older versions of IE do not support HTML5 File API, so the Base64 mode is used for testing. On OSX you can get the Base64 encoding with: On Windows XP and up you can get the Base64 encoding using certutil : (note: You have to open the file and remove the header and footer lines) The most common and interesting formats (XLS, XLSXM, XLSB, ODS) are ultimately ZIP or CFB containers of files. Neither format puts the directory structure at the beginning of the file: ZIP files place the Central Directory records at the end of the logical file, while CFB files can place the storage info anywhere in the file! As a result, to properly handle these formats, a streaming function would have to buffer the entire file before commencing. That belies the expectations of streaming, so we do not provide any streaming read API. When dealing with Readable Streams, the easiest approach is to buffer the stream and process the whole thing at the end.

This can be done with a temporary file or by explicitly concatenating the stream: More robust solutions are available using modules like concat-stream . This example uses tempfile to generate file names: Working with the Workbook. The full object format is described later in this README. This example extracts the value stored in cell A1 from the first worksheet: This example uses XLSX. utils. aoa_to_sheet to make a worksheet and appends the new worksheet to the workbook: Parsing and Writing Examples. The node version installs a command line tool xlsx which can read spreadsheet files and output the contents in various formats. The source is available at xlsx. njs in the bin directory. Some helper functions in XLSX. utils generate different views of the sheets: XLSX. utils. sheet_to_csv generates CSV XLSX.

utils. sheet_to_txt generates UTF16 Formatted Text XLSX. utils. sheet_to_html generates HTML XLSX. utils. sheet_to_json generates an array of objects XLSX. utils. sheet_to_formulae generates a list of formulae. For writing, the first step is to generate output data. The helper functions write and writeFile will produce the data in various formats suitable for dissemination. The second step is to actual share the data with the end point. Assuming workbook is a workbook object: writeFile is only available in server environments.

Browsers have no API for writing arbitrary files given a path, so another method must be used. The sheet_to_html utility function generates HTML code that can be added to any DOM element. Note: browser generates binary blob and forces a "download" to client. This example uses FileSaver: A complete example using XHR is included in the XHR demo, along with examples for fetch and wrapper libraries. This example assumes the server can handle Base64-encoded files (see the demo for a basic nodejs server): sheetjs. comdemostable. html exporting an HTML table sheetjs. comdemoswritexlsx. html generates a simple file. The streaming write functions are available in the XLSX. stream object. They take the same arguments as the normal write functions but return a Readable Stream. They are only exposed in NodeJS.

XLSX. stream. to_csv is the streaming version of XLSX. utils. sheet_to_csv . XLSX. stream. to_html is the streaming version of XLSX. utils. sheet_to_html . XLSX is the exposed variable in the browser and the exported node variable. XLSX. version is the version of the library (added by the build script). XLSX.

SSF is an embedded version of the format library. XLSX. read(data, read_opts) attempts to parse data . XLSX. readFile(filename, read_opts) attempts to read filename and parse. Parse options are described in the Parsing Options section. XLSX. write(wb, write_opts) attempts to write the workbook wb. XLSX. writeFile(wb, filename, write_opts) attempts to write wb to filename. XLSX. writeFileAsync(filename, wb, o, cb) attempts to write wb to filename .

If o is omitted, the writer will use the third argument as the callback. XLSX. stream contains a set of streaming write functions. Write options are described in the Writing Options section. Utilities are available in the XLSX. utils object and are described in the Utility Functions section: aoa_to_sheet converts an array of arrays of JS data to a worksheet. json_to_sheet converts an array of JS objects to a worksheet. table_to_sheet converts a DOM TABLE element to a worksheet. sheet_to_json converts a worksheet object to an array of JSON objects. sheet_to_csv generates delimiter-separated-values output. sheet_to_txt generates UTF16 formatted text.

sheet_to_html generates HTML output. sheet_to_formulae generates a list of the formulae (with value fallbacks). Cell and cell address manipulation: format_cell generates the text value for a cell (using number formats). encode_row decode_row converts between 0-indexed rows and 1-indexed rows. encode_col decode_col converts between 0-indexed columns and column names. encode_cell decode_cell converts cell addresses. encode_range decode_range converts cell ranges. Common Spreadsheet Format. js-xlsx conforms to the Common Spreadsheet Format (CSF): Cell address objects are stored as where C and R are 0-indexed column and row numbers, respectively. For example, the cell address B5 is represented by the object . Cell range objects are stored as where S is the first cell and E is the last cell in the range.

The ranges are inclusive. For example, the range A3:B7 is represented by the object , e: > . Utility functions perform a row-major order walk traversal of a sheet range: Built-in export utilities (such as the CSV exporter) will use the w text if it is available. To change a value, be sure to delete cell. w (or set it to undefined ) before attempting to export. The utilities will regenerate the w text from the number format ( cell. z ) and the raw value if possible. The actual array formula is stored in the f field of the first cell in the array range. Other cells in the range will omit the f field. The raw value is stored in the v field, interpreted based on the t field. Type b is the Boolean type. v is interpreted according to JS truth tables.

Type e is the Error type. v holds the number and w holds the common name: Type n is the Number type. This includes all forms of data that Excel stores as numbers, such as datestimes and Boolean fields. Excel exclusively uses data that can be fit in an IEEE754 floating point number, just like JS Number, so the v field holds the raw number. The w field holds formatted text. Dates are stored as numbers by default and converted with XLSX. SSF. parse_date_code . Type d is the Date type, generated only when the option cellDates is passed. Since JSON does not have a natural Date type, parsers are generally expected to store ISO 8601 Date strings like you would get from date.

toISOString() . On the other hand, writers and exporters should be able to handle date strings and JS Date objects. Note that Excel disregards timezone modifiers and treats all dates in the local timezone. js-xlsx does not correct for this error. Type s is the String type. v should be explicitly stored as a string to avoid possible confusion. Type z represents blank stub cells. These do not have any data or type, and are not processed by any of the core library functions. By default these cells will not be generated the parser sheetStubs option must be set to true . By default, Excel stores dates as numbers with a format code that specifies date processing. For example, the date 19-Feb-17 is stored as the number 42785 with a number format of d-mmm-yy . The SSF module understands number formats and performs the appropriate conversion. XLSX also supports a special date type d where the data is an ISO 8601 date string. The formatter converts the date back to a number. The default behavior for all parsers is to generate number cells.

Setting cellDates to true will force the generators to store dates. Excel has no native concept of universal time. All times are specified in the local time zone. Excel limitations prevent specifying true absolute dates. Following Excel, this library treats all dates as relative to local time zone. Excel supports two epochs (January 1 1900 and January 1 1904), see "1900 vs. 1904 Date System" article. The workbook&aposs epoch can be determined by examining the workbook&aposs wb. Workbook. WBProps. date1904 property: Each key that does not start with ! maps to a cell (using A-1 notation) sheetaddress returns the cell object for the specified address. Special sheet keys (accessible as sheetkey , each starting with ! ): sheet&apos!ref&apos : A-1 based range representing the sheet range. Functions that work with sheets should use this parameter to determine the range.

Cells that are assigned outside of the range are not processed. In particular, when writing a sheet by hand, cells outside of the range are not included. Functions that handle sheets should test for the presence of! ref field. If the! ref is omitted or is not a valid range, functions are free to treat the sheet as empty or attempt to guess the range. The standard utilities that ship with this library treat sheets as empty (for example, the CSV output is empty string). When reading a worksheet with the sheetRows property set, the ref parameter will use the restricted range. The original range is set at ws&apos!fullref&apos sheet&apos!margins&apos : Object representing the page margins. The default values follow Excel&aposs "normal" preset. Excel also has a "wide" and a "narrow" preset but they are stored as raw measurements.

The main properties are listed below: In addition to the base sheet keys, worksheets also add: ws&apos!cols&apos : array of column properties objects. Column widths are actually stored in files in a normalized manner, measured in terms of the "Maximum Digit Width" (the largest width of the rendered digits 0-9, in pixels). When parsed, the column objects store the pixel width in the wpx field, character width in the wch field, and the maximum digit width in the MDW field. ws&apos!rows&apos : array of row properties objects as explained later in the docs. Each row object encodes properties including row height and visibility. ws&apos!merges&apos : array of range objects corresponding to the merged cells in the worksheet. Plain text formats do not support merge cells. CSV export will write all cells in the merge range if they exist, so be sure that only the first cell (upper-left) in the range is set. ws&apos!

protect&apos : object of write sheet protection properties. The password key specifies the password for formats that support password-protected sheets (XLSXXLSBXLS). The writer uses the XOR obfuscation method. The following keys control the sheet protection -- set to false to enable a feature when sheet is locked or set to true to disable a feature: ws&apos!autofilter&apos : AutoFilter object following the schema: Chartsheets are represented as standard sheets. They are distinguished with the! type property set to "chart" . The underlying data and! ref refer to the cached data in the chartsheet. The first row of the chartsheet is the underlying header. Macrosheets are represented as standard sheets. They are distinguished with the!

type property set to "macro" . Dialogsheets are represented as standard sheets. They are distinguished with the! type property set to "dialog" . workbook. SheetNames is an ordered list of the sheets in the workbook. wb. Sheetssheetname returns an object representing the worksheet. wb. Props is an object storing the standard properties. wb. Custprops stores custom properties. Since the XLS standard properties deviate from the XLSX standard, XLS parsing stores core properties in both places. Workbook File Properties.

The various file formats use different internal names for file properties. The workbook Props object normalizes the names: For example, to set the workbook title property: Custom properties are added in the workbook Custprops object: Writers will process the Props key of the options object: Workbook-Level Attributes. wb. Workbook stores workbook-level attributes. wb. Workbook. Names is an array of defined name objects which have the keys: Excel allows two sheet-scoped defined names to share the same name. However, a sheet-scoped name cannot collide with a workbook-scope name. Workbook writers may not enforce this constraint. Miscellaneous Workbook Properties. wb. Workbook. WBProps holds other workbook properties: Even for basic features like date storage, the official Excel formats store the same content in different ways. The parsers are expected to convert from the underlying file format representation to the Common Spreadsheet Format.

Writers are expected to convert from CSF back to the underlying file format. The A1-style formula string is stored in the f field. Even though different file formats store the formulae in different ways, the formats are translated. Even though some formats store formulae with a leading equal sign, CSF formulae do not start with = . Shared formulae are decompressed and each cell has the formula corresponding to its cell. Writers generally do not attempt to generate shared formulae. Cells with formula entries but no value will be serialized in a way that Excel and other spreadsheet tools will recognize. This library will not automatically compute formula results! For example, to compute BESSELJ in a worksheet: Array formulae are stored in the top-left cell of the array block. All cells of an array formula have a F field corresponding to the range. A single-cell formula can be distinguished from a plain formula by the presence of F field.

For example, setting the cell C1 to the array formula : For a multi-cell array formula, every cell has the same array range but only the first cell specifies the formula. Consider D1:D3=A1:A3*B1:B3 : Utilities and writers are expected to check for the presence of a F field and ignore any possible formula element f in cells other than the starting cell. They are not expected to perform validation of the formulae! The sheet_to_formulae method generates one line per formula or array formula. Array formulae are rendered in the form range=formula while plain cells are rendered in the form cell=formula or value . Note that string literals are prefixed with an apostrophe &apos , consistent with Excel&aposs formula bar display. Since Excel prohibits named cells from colliding with names of A1 or RC style cell references, a (not-so-simple) regex conversion is possible. BIFF Parsed formulae have to be explicitly unwound. OpenFormula formulae can be converted with regular expressions. The! cols array in each worksheet, if present, is a collection of ColInfo objects which have the following properties: There are three different width types corresponding to the three different ways spreadsheets store column widths: SYLK and other plain text formats use raw character count. Contemporaneous tools like Visicalc and Multiplan were character based. Since the characters had the same width, it sufficed to store a count.

This tradition was continued into the BIFF formats. SpreadsheetML (2003) tried to align with HTML by standardizing on screen pixel count throughout the file. Column widths, row heights, and other measures use pixels. When the pixel and character counts do not align, Excel rounds values. XLSX internally stores column widths in a nebulous "Max Digit Width" form. The Max Digit Width is the width of the largest digit when rendered (generally the "0" character is the widest). The internal width must be an integer multiple of the the width divided by 256. ECMA-376 describes a formula for converting between pixels and the internal width. This represents a hybrid approach. Read functions attempt to populate all three properties. Write functions will try to cycle specified values to the desired type. In order to avoid potential conflicts, manipulation should delete the other properties first. For example, when changing the pixel width, delete the wch and width properties. Given the constraints, it is possible to determine the MDW without actually inspecting the font!

The parsers guess the pixel width by converting from width to pixels and back, repeating for all possible MDW and selecting the MDW that minimizes the error. XLML actually stores the pixel width, so the guess works in the opposite direction. Even though all of the information is made available, writers are expected to follow the priority order: 1) use width field if available 2) use wpx pixel width if available 3) use wch character count if available. The! rows array in each worksheet, if present, is a collection of RowInfo objects which have the following properties: Note: Excel UI displays the base outline level as 1 and the max level as 8 . The level field stores the base outline as 0 and the max level as 7 . Excel internally stores row heights in points. The default resolution is 72 DPI or 96 PPI, so the pixel and point size should agree. For different resolutions they may not agree, so the library separates the concepts. Even though all of the information is made available, writers are expected to follow the priority order: 1) use hpx pixel height if available 2) use hpt point height if available. The cell. w formatted text for each cell is produced from cell. v and cell. z format. If the format is not specified, the Excel General format is used.

The format can either be specified as a string or as an index into the format table. Parsers are expected to populate workbook. SSF with the number format table. Writers are expected to serialize the table. Custom tools should ensure that the local table has each used format string somewhere in the table. Excel convention mandates that the custom formats start at index 164. The following example creates a custom format from scratch: The rules are slightly different from how Excel displays custom number formats. In particular, literal characters must be wrapped in double quotes or preceded by a backslash. For more info, see the Excel documentation article Create or delete a custom number format or ECMA-376 18.8.31 (Number Formats) The default formats are listed in ECMA-376 18.8.30: Format 14 ( mdyy ) is localized by Excel: even though the file specifies that number format, it will be drawn differently based on system settings. It makes sense when the producer and consumer of files are in the same locale, but that is not always the case over the Internet.

To get around this ambiguity, parse functions accept the dateNF option to override the interpretation of that specific format string. Hyperlinks are stored in the l key of cell objects. The Target field of the hyperlink object is the target of the link, including the URI fragment. Tooltips are stored in the Tooltip field and are displayed when you move your mouse over the text. For example, the following snippet creates a link from cell A3 to sheetjs. com with the tip "Find us @ SheetJS. com!" : Note that Excel does not automatically style hyperlinks -- they will generally be displayed as normal text. Cell comments are objects stored in the c array of cell objects. The actual contents of the comment are split into blocks based on the comment author. The a field of each comment object is the author of the comment and the t field is the plain text representation. For example, the following snippet appends a cell comment into cell A1 : Note: XLSB enforces a 54 character limit on the Author name. Names longer than 54 characters may cause issues with other formats.

Excel enables hiding sheets in the lower tab bar. The sheet data is stored in the file but the UI does not readily make it available. Standard hidden sheets are revealed in the "Unhide" menu. Excel also has "very hidden" sheets which cannot be revealed in the menu. It is only accessible in the VB Editor! The visibility setting is stored in the Hidden property of sheet props array. Non-Excel formats do not support the Very Hidden state. The best way to test if a sheet is visible is to check if the Hidden property is logical truth: VBA Macros are stored in a special data blob that is exposed in the vbaraw property of the workbook object when the bookVBA option is true . They are supported in XLSM , XLSB , and BIFF8 XLS formats. The supported format writers automatically insert the data blobs if it is present in the workbook and associate with the worksheet names. The workbook code name is stored in wb. Workbook. WBProps. CodeName .

By default, Excel will write ThisWorkbook or a translated phrase like DieseArbeitsmappe . Worksheet and Chartsheet code names are in the worksheet properties object at wb. Workbook. Sheetsi.CodeName . Macrosheets and Dialogsheets are ignored. The readers and writers preserve the code names, but they have to be manually set when adding a VBA blob to a different workbook. Older versions of Excel also supported a non-VBA "macrosheet" sheet type that stored automation commands. These are exposed in objects with the! type property set to "macro" . The vbaraw field will only be set if macros are present, so testing is simple: The exported read and readFile functions accept an options argument: Even if cellNF is false, formatted text will be generated and saved to. w In some cases, sheets may be parsed even if bookSheets is false. Excel aggressively tries to interpret values from CSV and other plain text. This leads to surprising behavior! The raw option suppresses value parsing.

bookSheets and bookProps combine to give both sets of information Deps will be an empty object if bookDeps is false bookFiles behavior depends on file type: keys array (paths in the ZIP) for ZIP-based formats files hash (mapping paths to objects representing the files) for ZIP cfb object for formats using CFB containers sheetRows-1 rows will be generated when looking at the JSON object output (since the header row is counted as a row when parsing the data) bookVBA merely exposes the raw VBA CFB object. It does not parse the data. XLSM and XLSB store the VBA CFB object in xlvbaProject. bin . BIFF8 XLS mixes the VBA entries alongside the core Workbook entry, so the library generates a new XLSB-compatible blob from the XLS CFB container. Currently only XOR encryption is supported. Unsupported error will be thrown for files employing other encryption methods. WTF is mainly for development. By default, the parser will suppress read errors on single worksheets, allowing you to read from the worksheets that do parse properly. Setting WTF:1 forces those errors to be thrown. Strings can be interpreted in multiple ways. The type parameter for read tells the library how to parse the data argument: Excel and other spreadsheet tools read the first few bytes and apply other heuristics to determine a file type. This enables file type punning: renaming files with the.

xls extension will tell your computer to use Excel to open the file but Excel will know how to handle it. This library applies similar logic: DBF files are detected based on the first byte as well as the third and fourth bytes (corresponding to month and day of the file date) Plain text format guessing follows the priority order: HTML tags include: html , table , head , meta , script , style , div. Excel is extremely aggressive in reading files. Adding an XLS extension to any display text file (where the only characters are ANSI display chars) tricks Excel into thinking that the file is potentially a CSV or TSV file, even if it is only one column! This library attempts to replicate that behavior. The best approach is to validate the desired worksheet and ensure it has the expected number of rows or columns. Extracting the range is extremely simple: The exported write and writeFile functions accept an options argument: bookSST is slower and more memory intensive, but has better compatibility with older versions of iOS Numbers The raw data is the only thing guaranteed to be saved. Features not described in this README may not be serialized. cellDates only applies to XLSX output and is not guaranteed to work with third-party readers. Excel itself does not usually write cells with type d so non-Excel tools may ignore the data or error in the presence of dates. Props is an object mirroring the workbook Props field. See the table from the Workbook File Properties section. if specified, the string from themeXLSX will be saved as the primary theme for XLSXXLSBXLSM files (to xlthemetheme1.xml in the ZIP) Supported Output Formats. For broad compatibility with third-party tools, this library supports many output formats.

The specific file type is controlled with bookType option: compression only applies to formats with ZIP containers. Formats that only support a single sheet require a sheet option specifying the worksheet. If the string is empty, the first worksheet is used. writeFile will automatically guess the output file format based on the file extension if bookType is not specified. It will choose the first format in the aforementioned table that matches the extension. The type argument for write mirrors the type argument for read : The sheet_to_* functions accept a worksheet and an optional options object. The *_to_sheet functions accept a data object and an optional options object. The examples are based on the following worksheet: Array of Arrays Input. XLSX. utils. aoa_to_sheet takes an array of arrays of JS values and returns a worksheet resembling the input data. Numbers, Booleans and Strings are stored as the corresponding styles. Dates are stored as date or numbers.

Array holes and explicit undefined values are skipped. null values may be stubbed. All other values are stored as strings. The function takes an options argument: To generate the example sheet: Array of Objects Input. XLSX. utils. json_to_sheet takes an array of objects and returns a worksheet with automatically-generated "headers" based on the keys of the objects. The default column order is determined by the first appearance of the field using Object. keys , but can be overridden using the options argument: The original sheet cannot be reproduced because JS object keys must be unique. After replacing the second e and S with e_1 and S_1 : XLSX. utils. table_to_sheet takes a table DOM element and returns a worksheet resembling the input table.

Numbers are parsed. All other data will be stored as strings. XLSX. utils. table_to_book produces a minimal workbook based on the worksheet. Both functions accept options arguments: To generate the example sheet, start with the HTML table: To process the table: Note: XLSX. read can handle HTML represented as strings. XLSX. utils. sheet_to_formulae generates an array of commands that represent how a person would enter data into an application.

Each entry is of the form A1-cell-address=formula-or-value . String literals are prefixed with a &apos in accordance with Excel. For the example sheet: Delimiter-Separated Output. As an alternative to the writeFile CSV type, XLSX. utils. sheet_to_csv also produces CSV output. The function takes an options argument: strip will remove trailing commas from each line under default FSRS blankrows must be set to false to skip blank lines. For the example sheet: The txt output type uses the tab character as the field separator. If the codepage library is available (included in full distribution but not core), the output will be encoded in CP1200 and the BOM will be prepended. XLSX. utils. sheet_to_txt takes the same arguments as sheet_to_csv . As an alternative to the writeFile HTML type, XLSX. utils.

sheet_to_html also produces HTML output. The function takes an options argument: For the example sheet: XLSX. utils. sheet_to_json generates different types of JS objects. The function takes an options argument: raw only affects cells which have a format code (.z ) field or a formatted text (.w ) field. If header is specified, the first row is considered a data row if header is not specified, the first row is the header row and not considered data. When header is not specified, the conversion will automatically disambiguate header entries by affixing _ and a count starting at 1 . For example, if three columns have header foo the output fields are foo , foo_1 , foo_2 null values are returned when raw is true but are skipped when false. If defval is not specified, null and undefined values are skipped normally. If specified, all null and undefined points will be filled with defval When header is 1 , the default is to generate blank rows. blankrows must be set to false to skip blank rows. When header is not 1 , the default is to skip blank rows.

blankrows must be true to generate blank rows. range is expected to be one of: header is expected to be one of: If header is not 1 , the row object will contain the non-enumerable property __rowNum__ that represents the row of the sheet corresponding to the entry. For the example sheet: Example showing the effect of raw : Despite the library name xlsx , it supports numerous spreadsheet file formats: Excel 2007+ XML (XLSXXLSM) XLSX and XLSM files are ZIP containers containing a series of XML files in accordance with the Open Packaging Conventions (OPC). The XLSM format, almost identical to XLSX, is used for files containing macros. The format is standardized in ECMA-376 and later in ISOIEC 29500. Excel does not follow the specification, and there are additional documents discussing how Excel deviates from the specification. Excel 2.0-95 (BIFF2BIFF3BIFF4BIFF5) BIFF 23 XLS are single-sheet streams of binary records. Excel 4 introduced the concept of a workbook ( XLW files) but also had single-sheet XLS format. The structure is largely similar to the Lotus 1-2-3 file formats. BIFF5812 extended the format in various ways but largely stuck to the same record format. There is no official specification for any of these formats. Excel 95 can write files in these formats, so record lengths and fields were determined by writing in all of the supported formats and comparing files. Excel 2016 can generate BIFF5 files, enabling a full suite of file tests starting from XLSX or BIFF2.

Excel 97-2004 Binary (BIFF8) BIFF8 exclusively uses the Compound File Binary container format, splitting some content into streams within the file. At its core, it still uses an extended version of the binary record format from older versions of BIFF. The MS-XLS specification covers the basics of the file format, and other specifications expand on serialization of features like properties. Excel 2003-2004 (SpreadsheetML) Predating XLSX, SpreadsheetML files are simple XML files. There is no official and comprehensive specification, although MS has released documentation on the format. Since Excel 2016 can generate SpreadsheetML files, mapping features is pretty straightforward. Excel 2007+ Binary (XLSB, BIFF12) Introduced in parallel with XLSX, the XLSB format combines the BIFF architecture with the content separation and ZIP container of XLSX. For the most part nodes in an XLSX sub-file can be mapped to XLSB records in a corresponding sub-file. The MS-XLSB specification covers the basics of the file format, and other specifications expand on serialization of features like properties. Delimiter-Separated Values (CSVTXT) Excel CSV deviates from RFC4180 in a number of important ways.

The generated CSV files should generally work in Excel although they may not work in RFC4180 compatible readers. The parser should generally understand Excel CSV. The writer proactively generates cells for formulae if values are unavailable. Excel TXT uses tab as the delimiter and code page 1200. Like in Excel, files starting with 0x49 0x44 ("ID") are treated as Symbolic Link files. Unlike Excel, if the file does not have a valid SYLK header, it will be proactively reinterpreted as CSV. There are some files with semicolon delimiter that align with a valid SYLK file. For the broadest compatibility, all cells with the value of ID are automatically wrapped in double-quotes. Other Workbook Formats. Support for other formats is generally far XLSXLSBXLSX support, due in large part to a lack of publicly available documentation. Test files were produced in the respective apps and compared to their XLS exports to determine structure. The main focus is data extraction. Lotus 1-2-3 (WKSWK1WK2WK3WK4123) The Lotus formats consist of binary records similar to the BIFF structure.

Lotus did release a specification decades ago covering the original WK1 format. Other features were deduced by producing files and comparing to Excel support. Quattro Pro (WQ1WQ2WB1WB2WB3QPW) The Quattro Pro formats use binary records in the same way as BIFF and Lotus. Some of the newer formats (namely WB3 and QPW) use a CFB enclosure just like BIFF8 XLS. OpenDocument Spreadsheet (ODSFODS) ODS is an XML-in-ZIP format akin to XLSX while FODS is an XML format akin to SpreadsheetML. Both are detailed in the OASIS standard, but tools like LOOO add undocumented extensions. The parsers and writers do not implement the full standard, instead focusing on parts necessary to extract and store raw data. Uniform Office Spreadsheet (UOS12) UOS is a very similar format, and it comes in 2 varieties corresponding to ODS and FODS respectively. For the most part, the difference between the formats is in the names of tags and attributes. Other Single-Worksheet Formats. Many older formats supported only one worksheet: dBASE and Visual FoxPro (DBF) DBF is really a typed table format: each column can only hold one data type and each record omits type information. The parser generates a header row and inserts records starting at the second row of the worksheet. The writer makes files compatible with Visual FoxPro extensions.

Multi-file extensions like external memos and tables are currently unsupported, limited by the general ability to read arbitrary files in the web browser. The reader understands DBF Level 7 extensions like DATETIME. There is no real documentation. All knowledge was gathered by saving files in various versions of Excel to deduce the meaning of fields. Notes: Plain formulae are stored in the RC form. Column widths are rounded to integral characters. Lotus Formatted Text (PRN) There is no real documentation, and in fact Excel treats PRN as an output-only file format. Nevertheless we can guess the column widths and reverse-engineer the original layout. Excel&aposs 240 character width limitation is not enforced. Data Interchange Format (DIF) There is no unified definition. Visicalc DIF differs from Lotus DIF, and both differ from Excel DIF. Where ambiguous, the parserwriter follows the expected behavior from Excel. In particular, Excel extends DIF in incompatible ways: Since Excel automatically converts numbers-as-strings to numbers, numeric string constants are converted to formulae: "0.3" -> "=""0.3"" DIF technically expects numeric cells to hold the raw numeric data, but Excel permits formatted numbers (including dates) DIF technically has no support for formulae, but Excel will automatically convert plain formulae. Array formulae are not preserved.

Excel HTML worksheets include special metadata encoded in styles. For example, mso-number-format is a localized string containing the number format. Despite the metadata the output is valid HTML, although it does accept bare & symbols. Rich Text Format (RTF) Excel RTF worksheets are stored in clipboard when copying cells or ranges from a worksheet. The supported codes are a subset of the Word RTF support. Ethercalc Record Format (ETH) Ethercalc is an open source web spreadsheet powered by a record format reminiscent of SYLK wrapped in a MIME multi-part message. make test will run the node-based tests. By default it runs tests on files in every supported format. To test a specific file type, set FMTS to the format you want to test. Feature-specific tests are available with make test_misc. To enable all errors, set the environment variable WTF=1 : flow and eslint checks are available: The core in-browser tests are available at testsindex. html within this repo.

Start a local server and navigate to that directory to run the tests. make ctestserv will start a server on port 8000. make ctest will generate the browser fixtures. To add more files, edit the testsfixtures. lst file and add the paths. To run the full in-browser tests, clone the repo for oss. sheetjs. com and replace the xlsx. js file (then open a browser window and go to stress. html ): NodeJS 0.8 , 0.10 , 0.12 , 4.x , 5.x , 6.x , 7.x , 8.x IE 67891011 (IE 6-9 require shims) Chrome 24+ (including Android 4.0+) Safari 6+ (iOS and Desktop) Edge 13+, FF 18+, and Opera 12+ Tests utilize the mocha testing framework. Travis-CI and Sauce Labs links: The Travis-CI test suite also includes tests for various time zones. To change the timezone locally, set the TZ environment variable: Test files are housed in another repo. Running make init will refresh the test_files submodule and get the files. Note that this requires svn , git , hg and other commands that may not be available.

If make init fails, please download the latest version of the test files snapshot from the repo. (download and unzip to the test_files subdirectory) Due to the precarious nature of the Open Specifications Promise, it is very important to ensure code is cleanroom. Contribution Notes. At a high level, the final script is a concatenation of the individual files in the bits folder. Running make should reproduce the final output on all platforms. The README is similarly split into bits in the docbits folder. After cloning the repo, running make help will display a list of commands. The xlsx. js file is constructed from the files in the bits subdirectory. The build script (run make ) will concatenate the individual bits to produce the script. Before submitting a contribution, ensure that running make will produce the xlsx. js file exactly. The simplest way to test is to add the script: To produce the dist files, run make dist .

The dist files are updated in each version release and should not be committed between versions . The included make. cmd script will build xlsx. js from the bits directory. Building is as simple as: To prepare development environment: The full list of commands available in Windows are displayed in make help : As explained in Test Files, on Windows the release ZIP file must be downloaded and extracted. If Bash on Windows is available, it is possible to run the OSXLinux workflow. The following steps prepares the environment: The test_misc target ( make test_misc on LinuxOSX make misc on Windows) runs the targeted feature tests. It should take 5-10 seconds to perform feature tests without testing against the entire test battery. New features should be accompanied with tests for the relevant file formats and features. For tests involving the read side, an appropriate feature test would involve reading an existing file and checking the resulting workbook object. If a parameter is involved, files should be read with different values to verify that the feature is working as expected. For tests involving a new write feature which can already be parsed, appropriate feature tests would involve writing a workbook with the feature and then opening and verifying that the feature is preserved. For tests involving a new write feature without an existing read ability, please add a feature test to the kitchen sink testswrite.

js . Please consult the attached LICENSE file for details. All rights not explicitly granted by the Apache 2.0 License are reserved by the Original Author.